Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, Fall 2018

Volume 111, Number 3

For the Fall 2018 issue of the Journal we return to our usual quarterly format. In "Setting the Northern Border of Illinois," longtime Illinois chronicler David W. Scott offers a refurbished account of the boundary disputes that led to the creation of the State of Illinois. Scott surveys the history of the 1787 Northwest Ordinance and the subsequent efforts by territorial leaders to set the current boundaries of the Old Northwest. From the Vantage point of 200 years, it is clear that Nathaniel W. Pope, Illinois Territory's delegate to Congress in 1817, was the leading force behind the statehood bill that pushed the northern boundary of Illinois a full sixty miles north of what the Northwest Ordinance originally called for. Had Pope failed to gain any Lake Michigan shoreline for Illinois, today Chicago and the collar counties would all be in Wisconsin, and Illinois' economic and demographic profile more like modern day Iowa or Kansas. 

The next two articles examine aspects of twentieth century liberalism and its shortcomings. In "Shelter Men': Life in Chicago's Public Shelters during the Great Depression," Chris Wright offers a spirited assessment of New Deal era public relief in Chicago. Wright's fine-grained case study reveals the limitations of municipal relief policy during the Great Depression and how the men responded to the many exigencies and indignities of shelter life. In telling this story, Wright emphasizes the class-conscious agency and essential humanity of the shelter men, as they negotiated and resisted the worst facets of being homeless---or "bums," as the conservative Chicago Tribune labeled them. 

Finally, in "All the Way with Adlai: John Bartlow Martin and the 1952 Adlai Stevenson Campaign," Ray E. Boomhower offers a detailed, behind-the-scenes account of the freelance journalist's role as speechwriter for the 1952 Adlai Stevenson presidential campaign. Boomhower tells the story of Martin's political coming of age as a New Frontier or Great Society liberal Democrat; before 1952, Martin's award-winning journalism was free of partisan calculations or commitments. Yet as it turned out, the subjects of Martin's earlier freelance career---America's underprivileged and forgotten classes---became increasingly central to the policy agenda of postwar liberalism. Boomhower's engaging narrative thus takes us back to a formative moment in the history of the Democratic Party. 

Articles

"Setting the Northern Border of Illinois"
David W. Scott

"Shelter Men: Life in Chicago's Public Shelters During the Great Depression"
Chris Wright

"All the Way with Adlai: John Bartlow Martin and the 1952 Adlai Stevenson Campaign"
Ray E. Boomhower

Book Reviews

The Social History of Agriculture. By Christopher Isett and Stephen Miller.
Reviewed by Edward L. Bates

Lincoln in Indiana. By Brian R. Dirck.
Reviewed by Wallace Dean Draper

The Social History of Agriculture. By Christopher Isett and Stephen Miller.
Reviewed by Edward L. Bates

Lincoln in Indiana. By Brian R. Dirck.
Reviewed by Wallace Dean Draper

The Civil War on the Mississippi. By Barbara Brooks Tomblin.
Reviewed by Robert I. Girardi.

The Loyal West: Civil War & Reunion in Middle America. By Matthew E. Stanley.
Reviewed by T.J. Vaughan

The University of Illinois: Engine of Innovation. Edited by Frederick E. Hoxie. 
Reviewed by David W. Scott

Building the Black Metropolis: African-American Entrepreneurship in Chicago. Edited by Robert E. Weems, Jr., and James P. Chambers
Reviewed by Thomas Gubbels

Route 66 Crossings: Historical Bridges of the Mother Road. By Jim Ross.
Reviewed by Paul R. Edelman

Presidential Libraries as Performance: Curating Character from Herbert Hoover to George W. Bush. By Jodi Kanter.
Reviewed by Patricia Ann Owens

Conservative Counterrevolution. By Tula A. Connell. 
Reviewed by Judy Stafstrom

Claiming Neighborhood: New Ways of Understanding Urban Chicago. By John J. Betancur and Janet L. Smith.
Reviewed by Ian Rocksborough-Smith

Cover

John Bartlow Martin, ca. 1950s. Courtesy University of Illinois Archives, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.